Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. The first step in designing a power substation is to design an earthing and bonding system go to content earthing and bonding. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. The function of an earthing and bonding system is to provide an earthing system connection to which transformer neutrals or earthing impedances may be connected in order to pass the maximum fault current. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. Example of substation design electrical part 65 14. Pdf grounding system design in electrical substation. The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. Expert instructors with decades of substation design experience will guide you in learning how to develop reliable substation. This electrical substation and switchyard design course focus on elementary safety standards and practices in substations and switchyard design.
Iem power systems is a premier supplier of electrical equipment and substation packages. This appendix presents standards and guidelines for electrical design calculations for spu projects. Under substation fault, both the substation earth grid and the pole grid resistance are exposed to voltage rise. Eaton s engineering team offers the expertise, proven substation design experience and support structure to successfully complete your project, from substation design to system analysis and simulation. I subscribed this morning to your website and immediately thereafter there came up a link to download the pdf ebook power substation design calculations a checklist of 18 studies for engineers to consider erroneously i closed the window and then i cant find that link anymore, not it is in my mailbox. Medium voltage products technical guide the mvlv transformer. The earthing system also ensures that no thermal or. Substation and transmission lines earthing system design.
Design calculations establish minimum guidelines and requirements for generating electrical calculations on projects. Scd0 electrical substation design ieee pes substations. In this paper, the substation electrical simulation system was designed on the mcgs development platform. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Electrical clearances for vehicle movement on designated access ways shall. Our technical team has expertise in all aspects of substation design through 345kv for both open air substations and gas insulated substations. Eaton combines decades of expertise with stateoftheart solutions to help industrial customers and utilities improve reliability, drive efficiencies, reduce costs, and protect people and assets. The document is divided into 12 chapters starting from electrical arrangement to lightning and earthing protection. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and. What are different insulators employed in substations. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Design the main considerations taking into account during the design process are.
Cost sufficient reliability without excessive cost 3. Substation construction manual page 2 of 57 reference ni000401r122 ver 3 ergon energy corporation limited abn 50 087 646 062 ergon energy queensland pty ltd abn 11 121 177 802 4. Recent technological developments have had tremendous impact on all aspects of substation design, operation, maintenance, safety, and grounding, testing and troubleshooting. Site design this chapter covers the design factors related to the substation site. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Determination of optimal substation ground grid layout and specifications, or recommendations for improving existing grids. Distribution substations michigan technological university. Technical guide the mvlv transformer substations abb group. This document outlines the primary design standard for transgrid substations. The manager substation design is the subject matter expert sme for the content and shall. This voltage rise could reach unacceptable and dangerous levels.
Selection of the location of a substation must consider many factors. Dec 31, 2015 electrical power design substation engineer interview questions. Bsee and boem as to what additional standards may be applicable to offshore substation design as the agencies update their regulations. The designs include simulation system interface design, database establishment, component modeling, and operating process design. Earthing system design ensures safety compliance for both the substation and transmission lines under fault conditions. The design based substations are indoor, outdoor, foundation mounted and pole mounted substations. Edms, printed to an electronic drawing set adobe pdf and issued to the project manager. The simulation system not only can simulate the substation switching operation and the fault, but also has the functions of realtime data, historical. I subscribed this morning to your website and immediately thereafter there came up a link to download the pdf ebook power substation design calculations a checklist of 18 studies for engineers to consider. Appendix c industry standards for electrical design elements 1 vi. Electrical substation design calculations protection and control analysis. Prepared by the subcommittee on the design of substation structures of the committee on electrical.
The purpose of this project is to provide recommendations to bsee and boem as to what additional standards may be applicable to offshore substation design as the agencies update their regulations. The main purpose of this paper is the development of an optimization model to design grounding grids in electrical substations. From the above information, finally, we can conclude that a subsystem is an essential part of a power grid, and forms a. Substation grounding design challenges and lessons learned. Some of the insulators employed in substations are. Important formulas for designing a substation grid earthing system. What structural engineers should know about substation. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. General issues that are involved in the construction, operation and maintenance of substations and. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. Ieee 605 is a great source for substation rigid bus design. Electrical substation design, testing and commissioning. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. Substation interview questions answers engineering tutorial.
Typical substation electrical design services include. The objective of site work design for a substation yard is to provide an easily accessible, dry, maintenancefree area for the installation and operation of electrical substation equipment and structures. The cross section of the buried cable should calculated in accordance with the value of the phasetoearth short. Responsibilities the group manager works enablement is the process owner responsible for approving this reference. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of. The main considerations taking into account during the design process are. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. What structural engineers should know about substation rigid bus design. Our team has a thorough knowledge of substation design, as well as wealth of. Management boem requested proposals to provide recommendations for offshore substation design development of standards. These recommendations will take into account the critical.
We have already given an introduction to substation earthing system in an article published earlier. Electrical calculations should be made for all spu projects. Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. Customer substation manual 6272019 table of contents page 2 of 82 section description 0 preface 010.
Substation design guidelines eep electrical engineering portal. We offer high quality individual components or a whole package incorporating all key equipment required for a complete, integrated substation solution at competitive prices. An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Pin insulators post insulators strain insulators suspension insulators hallow apparatus insulators deadend insulators solid core insulators what is creepage distance. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Responsible for treatment of all matters pertaining to the design and construction of transmission and distribution substations, and the application of switching devices and other equipment, instrumentation and protective and control equipment in transmission and distribution substations. Grounding in substations where step potentials are of concern harmonic distortion analysis. Pdf electrical substation design planning antonio garcia. What structural engineers should know about substation rigid. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Compliance with all technical requirements all energize elements comply with the required clearances clearances verify compliance with the last requirements of the national electrical safety code or prepa diseno subw\copy of svc subst profile 2. High voltage substation design and application guide eep.
An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits. Substation earthing system design underground horizontal earth mesh matgrid the mesh is formed by placing mild steel bars placed in x and y directions in mesh formation in the soil at a depth of about 0. The design of substation electrical simulation scientific. Electrical substation design, testing and commissioning procedure. Designing electrical substation for future tutorial youtube. Today we are going to discuss the design of substation earthing system. High voltage substation question for electrical engineer interview. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. Earthing system is made of a mesh of buried bare copper cable, with additional earth rods, and shall be calculated, being recommended to use ieee std. Pdf substation design manual shally gupta academia. Creepage distance is the shortest distance between two conducting points along the surface of the. A road map to the engineering design, preparation of bid documents, bid process and construction supervision by jorge e. Other electrical engineering may include conduit or trench design, power factor correction or harmonic filter design, and other associated tasks. Before 1960s the design criterion of substation earthing system was low earth resistance.
Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. The purpose of this document is to provide a general guide to the design of an air insulated switchgear ais and a gas insulated switchgear gis of an ac substation. Offshore substation design development of standards. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. An electrical substation is the component of a power system with which voltages are transformed for the transmission, distribution, transformation and switching of power.
Covers the general design considerations, documents and drawings related to designing a substation. Through our grid modernization, design and build and substation automation and commissioning services, we enable our customers to achieve a safer, automated, secure and costeffective substation and. Covers the layout considerations, bus configurations, and electrical clearances. Electrical design aspects structural design aspects ieee 605 design guide loads. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978.
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